Wisconsin Roofing Licensing Law
Wisconsin Code · 25 sections
The following is the full text of Wisconsin’s roofing licensing law statutes as published in the Wisconsin Code. For the official version, see the Wisconsin Legislature.
Wis. Stat. § 1.02
1.02 are the following conditions precedent:
1.03(1)
(1)
â
That an application setting forth an exact description of the place or tract so acquired shall be made by an authorized officer of the United States to the governor, accompanied by a plat thereof, and by proof that all conveyances and a copy of the record of all judicial proceedings necessary to the acquisition of an unencumbered title by the United States have been recorded in the office of the register of deeds of each county in which such place or tract may be situated in whole or in part.
1.03(2)
(2)
â
That the ceded jurisdiction shall not vest in the United States until they shall have complied with all the requirements on their part of ss.
Wis. Stat. § 10.06
10.06 . The type B notice shall include the following relevant sections and be within the guidelines established in this section.
10.02(2)
(2)
â
10.02(2)(a)
(a)
The headline or caption, the introductory paragraph and the voting instructions shall be printed once at the beginning of the notice followed by a facsimile of each ballot to be used at the election. The headline or caption shall be conspicuously displayed, but the caption together with the necessary spacing above and below shall not exceed 1 1/4 inches in depth. The introductory paragraph and voting instructions shall be set solid in the type of the regular reading matter of the newspaper but no smaller than 5 1/2-point nor larger than 10-point type.
10.02(2)(b)
(b)
Following the introductory paragraph, but preceding the facsimile ballot notice, shall appear the statement of information to electors in the form prescribed in sub. (3) .
10.02(2)(c)
(c)
The facsimile ballots shall follow the voting instructions. The size and style of type and the general display of the facsimile ballots shall be prescribed by the commission and shall conform to the form prescribed by the commission under s. 7.08 (1) (a) . The party columns shall not exceed 2-1/6 inches in width and the ballot size may be reduced. Voting machine facsimile ballots shall show a reduced diagram of the front of the voting machine and instructions to electors on how to vote on the machine. If the ballots in the wards or election districts within a county or municipality are identical but for the names of different candidates, districts or seats, the facsimile ballot may show the ballot for one ward or election district, accompanied by a list of candidates, districts and seats to be voted upon in the other wards or election districts.
10.02(3)
(3)
â
The notice shall contain the following:
FACSIMILE BALLOT NOTICE
OF .... ELECTION
Office of .... [County] [Municipal] Clerk.
To the Electors of .... [County] [Municipality]:
Notice is hereby given of a .... election to be held in the several wards in the [county] [municipality] of ...., on the .... day of ...., .... (year), at which the officers named below shall be chosen. The names of the candidates for each office to be voted for, whose nominations have been certified to or filed in this office, are given under the title of the office and under the appropriate party or other designation, each in its proper column, together with the questions submitted to a vote, in the sample ballot below.
INFORMATION TO ELECTORS
Except where a different statement is prescribed by the commission for use in whole or in part by municipalities using electronic voting systems under s. 5.95 , the voting instructions shall be given substantially as follows:
10.02(3)(a)
(a)
Upon entering the polling place and before being permitted to vote, an elector shall state his or her name and address. If an elector is not registered to vote, an elector may register to vote at the polling place serving his or her residence if the elector presents proof of identification in a form specified by law unless the elector is exempted from this requirement, and, if the document presented does not constitute proof of residence, the elector provides proof of residence. Where ballots are distributed to electors, the initials of 2 inspectors must appear on the ballot. Upon being permitted to vote, the elector shall retire alone to a voting booth or machine and cast his or her ballot, except that an elector who is a parent or guardian may be accompanied by the electorâs minor child or minor ward. An election official may inform the elector of the proper manner for casting a vote, but the official may not in any manner advise or indicate a particular voting choice.
10.02(3)(b)
(b)
10.02(3)(b)1.
1.
The elector shall make a cross (X) next to or separately depress the levers or buttons next to each candidateâs name for whom he or she intends to vote, or shall insert or write in the name of a candidate.
10.02(3)(b)2.
2.
At a partisan primary, the elector shall select the party ballot of his or her choice and shall make a cross (X) next to or depress the lever or button next to the candidateâs name for each office for whom the elector intends to vote, or shall insert or write in the name of the electorâs choice for a candidate.
10.02(3)(b)3.
3.
When casting a presidential preference vote, the elector shall select the party ballot of his or her choice and make a cross (X) next to or depress the button or lever next to the candidateâs name for whom he or she intends to vote or shall, in the alternative, make a cross (X) next to or depress the button or lever next to the words âUninstructed delegationâ, or shall write in the name of his or her choice for a candidate.
10.02(3)(b)4.
4.
At a nonpartisan primary, the elector shall make a cross (X) next to or depress the button or lever next to the candidateâs name for each office for whom he or she intends to vote, or insert or write in the name of his or her choice for a candidate.
10.02(3)(c)
(c)
In presidential elections, the elector shall make a cross (X) next to or depress the button or lever next to the set of candidates for president and vice president for whom he or she intends to vote. A vote for candidates for president and vice president is a vote for the presidential electors of those candidates.
10.02(3)(d)
(d)
On referenda questions, the elector shall make a cross (X) next to or depress the button or lever next to the answer which he or she intends to give.
10.02(3)(e)
(e)
The vote should not be cast in any other manner. If the elector spoils a ballot, he or she shall return it to an election official who shall issue another in its place, but not more than 3 ballots shall be issued to any one elector. If the ballot has not been initialed by 2 inspectors or is defective in any other way, the elector shall return it to the election official, who shall issue a proper ballot in its place. Not more than 5 minutesâ time shall be allowed inside a voting booth or machine. Unofficial ballots or a memorandum to assist the elector in marking his or her ballot may be taken into the booth and copied. The sample ballot shall not be shown to anyone so as to reveal how the ballot is marked.
10.02(3)(f)
(f)
After an official paper ballot is marked, it shall be folded so the inside marks do not show but so the printed endorsements and inspectorsâ initials on the outside do show. After casting his or her vote, the elector shall leave the voting machine or booth, and where paper ballots are distributed to the electors, deposit his or her folded ballot in the ballot box or deliver it to an inspector for deposit in the box, and shall leave the polling place promptly.
10.02(3)(g)
(g)
An elector may select an individual to assist in casting his or her vote if the elector declares to the presiding official that he or she is unable to read, has difficulty reading, writing or understanding English or that due to disability is unable to cast his or her ballot. The selected individual rendering assistance may not be the electorâs employer or an agent of that employer or an officer or agent of a labor organization which represents the elector.
10.02(3)(h)
(h)
The following is a facsimile of the official ballot: (insert facsimile of ballot)
...., (County Clerk)
(Municipal Clerk)
Wis. Stat. § 128.06
128.06
â
Assignee required to comply, when.
128.06(1)
(1)
â
The assignee under a voluntary assignment not previously filed under the provisions of this chapter shall upon petition of any creditor without proof of the insolvency of the assignor be required to file the assignment and comply with the provisions of this chapter.
Wis. Stat. § 340.01
340.01 are used in the same sense in this chapter unless a different definition is specifically provided.
348.01(2)
(2)
â
In this chapter the following terms have the designated meanings:
348.01(2)(a)
(a)
âAxleâ includes all wheels of a vehicle imposing weight on the highway, the centers of which are included between 2 parallel transverse vertical planes less than 42 inches apart, extending across the full width of vehicle and load.
348.01(2)(am)
(am)
âCertified stationary scaleâ means a stationary scale which is tested and inspected annually for accuracy by the department of agriculture, trade and consumer protection or other authorized testing agency in accordance with specifications, tolerances, standards and procedures established by the national institute of standards and technology and the department of agriculture, trade and consumer protection for the testing and examination of scales.
348.01(2)(ar)
(ar)
âConsecutive month permitâ means a permit issued for a minimum of 3 consecutive months.
348.01(2)(at)
(at)
âDouble-decked busâ means a motor bus designed to carry passengers on an upper level throughout the length of the bus over passengers on a lower level throughout the length of the bus and the roof of which is permanently enclosed with rigid construction and extends throughout the length of the bus.
348.01(2)(au)
(au)
âDrive-away method in saddlemount combinationâ means a vehicle combination designed and specifically used to tow up to 3 trucks or truck tractors, each connected by a saddle to the frame or 5th-wheel of the forward vehicle of the truck or truck tractor in front of it, and including not more than one fullmount.
348.01(2)(av)
(av)
âFender lineâ, in the case of motor trucks, means the outermost limits of the rear fenders, flare boards or floor of the body, whichever projects outward the farthest.
348.01(2)(ax)
(ax)
âForestry biomassâ means byproducts and waste generated by the practice of forestry on forestry lands.
348.01(2)(ay)
(ay)
âFullmountâ means a smaller vehicle mounted completely on the frame of either the first or last vehicle in a saddlemount combination.
348.01(2)(b)
(b)
âGross weightâ means the weight of a vehicle or combination of vehicles equipped for service plus the weight of any load which the vehicle or combination of vehicles may be carrying.
348.01(2)(bc)
(bc)
âI 39 corridorâ means that portion of I 39 between I 94 near the city of Portage and STH 29 south of the city of Wausau.
348.01(2)(bd)
(bd)
âI 41 corridorâ means that portion of I 41 from I 94 at the zoo interchange, as defined in s.
Wis. Stat. 443.01
443.01 Definitions. In this chapter, unless the context provides otherwise: (1) “Architect” means a person who is legally qualified to practice architecture. (1m) “Construction surveying” means surveying or mapping that is performed in support of infrastructure design, in support of improvements related to private and public boundary lines, or in support of construction layout or historic preservation, and establishing any postconstruction documentation related to that surveying or mapping. (2) “Engineer-in-training” means a person who is a graduate in an engineering curriculum of 4 years or more from a school or college approved by the professional engineer section of the examining board as of satisfactory standing, or a person who has had 4 years or more of experience in engineering work of a character satisfactory to the professional engineer section; and who, in addition, has successfully passed the examination in the fundamental engineering subjects prior to the completion of the requisite years in engineering work, as provided in s. 443.05, and who has been granted a certificate of record by the professional engineer section stating that the person has successfully passed this portion of the professional examinations. (3) “Examining board” means the examining board of architects, landscape architects, professional engineers, designers, professional land surveyors, and registered interior designers. (3b) “Geodetic surveying” means surveying to determine the size and shape of the earth or the precise positions of points on the surface of the earth. (3c) “Interior alteration or interior construction project” means a project for an interior space or area within a proposed or existing building or structure, including construction, modification, renovation, rehabilitation, or historic preservation, that involves changing or altering any of the following: (a) The design function or layout of rooms. (b) The state of permanent fixtures or equipment. (c) The interior space or area if the change or alteration requires verification of the compliance of the interior space or area with a building code, fire code, the federal Americans with Disabilities Act, or state or local regulations. (d) Interior furnishings. (e) Nonstructural elements of the interior space or area. (3e) “Interior technical submission” means a design, drawing, specification, study, or other technical report or calculation that establishes the scope of an interior design project, including a description of standards of quality for materials, skilled labor, equipment, and construction systems, and that may be signed and sealed by a Wisconsin registered interior designer in compliance with this chapter. (3g) “Landscape architect” means a person who practices landscape architecture. (3r) “Landscape architecture” means the performance of a professional service involving conceptual land planning and conceptual design for integrated land development based on the analysis of environmental characteristics, operational requirements, land use or commensurate land values. “Landscape architecture” includes the investigation, selection or allocation of land or water resources for appropriate uses; the formulation of graphic or written criteria for a land planning or land construction program; the preparation, review or analysis of a master plan for land use or development; the production of a graphic land area, grading, drainage, planting or land construction plan; and the planning of a road, bridge or other structure with respect to the aesthetic requirements of the area on which it will be constructed, except that “landscape architecture” does not include any of the following: (a) Professional services performed by a registered architect or by a person who has in effect a permit under s. 443.10 (1) (d). (b) Professional services performed by a professional engineer or by a person who has in effect a permit under s. 443.10 (1) (d). (c) Professional services performed by a professional land surveyor. (d) The practice of planning as is customarily done by a regional, park, or urban planner, or by a person participating on a planning board or commission, within the scope of that practice. (e) The practice of a natural resource professional, including a biologist, professional geologist, as defined in s. 470.01 (5), or professional soil scientist, as defined in s. 470.01 (7). (f) The actions of a person who is under the supervision of a licensed landscape architect or an employee of a licensed landscape architect, unless the person assumes responsible charge, design, or supervision. (g) Work performed on property by an individual who owns or has control over the property, or work performed by a person hired by an individual who owns or has control of the property. (h) Making plans or drawings for the selection, placement, or use of plants or site features. (5) “Practice of architecture” includes any professional service, such as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning, architectural and structural design, or responsible supervision of construction, in connection with the construction of any private or public buildings, structures, projects, or the equipment thereof, or addition to or alterations thereof, in which the public welfare or the safeguarding of life, health or property is concerned or involved. (5m) (a) “Practice of interior design” means the design of interior spaces as a part of an interior alteration or interior construction project in conformity with public health, safety, and welfare requirements, including the preparation of documents relating to building code descriptions, project egress plans that require no increase in the number of exits in the space affected, space planning, finish materials, furnishings, fixtures, and equipment and the preparation of documents and interior technical submissions relating to interior construction. (b) “Practice of interior design” does not include any of the following: 1. Services that constitute the practice of architecture or the practice of professional engineering. 2. Altering or affecting the structural system of a building, including changing the building’s live or dead load on the structural system. 3. Changes to the building envelope, including exterior walls, exterior wall coverings, exterior wall openings, exterior windows and doors, architectural trim, balconies and similar projections, bay and oriel windows, roof assemblies and rooftop structures, and glass and glazing for exterior use in both vertical and sloped applications in buildings and structures. 4. Altering or affecting the mechanical, plumbing, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, electrical, vertical transportation, fire sprinkler, or fire alarm systems. 5. Changes beyond the exit access component of a means of egress system. 6. Construction that materially affects life safety systems pertaining to fire safety or the fire protection of structural elements, or alterations to smoke evacuation and compartmentalization systems or to fire-rated vertical shafts in multistory structures. 7. Changes of use to an occupancy of greater hazard as determined by the International Building Code. 8. Changes to the construction classification of the building or structure according to the International Building Code. (6) “Practice of professional engineering” includes any professional service requiring the application of engineering principles and data, in which the public welfare or the safeguarding of life, health or property is concerned and involved, such as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning, design, or responsible supervision of construction, alteration, or operation, in connection with any public or private utilities, structures, projects, bridges, plants and buildings, machines, equipment, processes and works. A person offers to practice professional engineering if the person by verbal claim, sign, advertisement, letterhead, card or in any other way represents himself or herself to be a professional engineer; or who through the use of some other title implies that he or she is a professional engineer; or who holds himself or herself out as able to practice professional engineering. (6s) “Practice of professional land surveying” means any of the following: (a) Any service comprising the establishment or reestablishment of the boundaries of one or more tracts of land or the boundaries of any of the following interests in real property: 1. The rights-of-way of roads or streets. 2. Air or subsurface property rights. 3. Public or private easements. (b) Designing or coordinating designs for the purpose of platting or subdividing land into smaller tracts. (c) Placing, replacing, restoring, or perpetuating monuments in or on the ground to evidence the location of a point that is necessary to establish boundaries of one or more tracts of land or the subdivision or consolidation of one or more tracts of land or to describe the boundaries of any interest in real property identified in par. (a). (d) Preparing maps that depict any interest in real property identified in par. (a) for the purpose of establishing the boundaries of any such interest in real property. (e) Preparing any of the following: 1. An official map established or amended under s. 62.23 (6), established or amended under the authority of s. 61.35, or adopted under s. 60.61. 2. An assessor’s plat under s. 70.27. 3. A map or plat of cemetery lands under s. 157.07. 4. A subdivision plat, certified survey map, or correction instrument under ch. 236. 5. A condominium plat or correction instrument under ch. 703. 6. A project and time-share property plat under s. 707.215. (f) Performing construction surveying or geodetic surveying in connection with any of the practices specified in pars. (a) to (e). (7) “Professional engineer” means a person who by reason of his or her knowledge of mathematics, the physical sciences and the principles of engineering, acquired by professional education and practical experience, is qualified to engage in engineering practice as defined in sub. (6). (7m) “Professional land surveyor” means a person who, by reason of his or her knowledge of law, mathematics, physical sciences, and measurement techniques, acquired by education and practical experience, is granted a license under this chapter to engage in the practice of professional land surveying. (8) “Responsible supervision of construction” means a professional service, as distinguished from superintending of construction, and means the performance, or the supervision thereof, of reasonable and ordinary on-site observations to determine that the construction is in substantial compliance with the approved drawings, plans and specifications. (9) “Wisconsin registered interior designer” means a person registered as a Wisconsin registered interior designer under this chapter. History: 1971 c. 42, 215, 307; 1975 c. 9, 39, 199, 200, 334, 421; 1977 c. 29, 125, 418; 1979 c. 34, 98; 1979 c. 162 s. 38 (7); 1979 c. 167; 1979 c. 221 s. 780; 1979 c. 355; 1983 a. 189 ss. 274, 329 (18); 1993 a. 463, 465, 491; 1997 a. 300; 2009 a. 123; 2011 a. 146; 2013 a. 358; 2021 a. 195. Discussing the duties of county surveyors and other land surveyors and minimum standards for property surveys. 69 Atty. Gen. 160.
Wis. Stat. 443.11
443.11 Disciplinary proceedings against architects, landscape architects, engineers, and registered interior designers. (1) The appropriate section of the examining board may reprimand an architect, landscape architect, professional engineer, or Wisconsin registered interior designer or limit, suspend, or revoke the certificate of registration of any registrant, and the certificate of record of any engineer-in-training, who is found guilty of: (a) Fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of registration or a certificate of record. (b) Signing or impressing his or her seal or stamp upon documents not prepared by him or her or under his or her control or knowingly permitting his or her seal or stamp to be used by any other person. (c) Knowingly aiding or abetting the unauthorized practice of architecture or professional engineering by persons not registered under this chapter. (d) Any gross negligence, incompetency or misconduct in the practice of architecture as a registered architect, of landscape architecture as a registered landscape architect or of professional engineering as a registered professional engineer, or in the professional activity of a holder of a certificate of record as engineer-in-training. (dm) Any gross negligence or misconduct, or any gross incompetence, in the practice of interior design as a Wisconsin registered interior designer. (e) Any violation of the rules of professional conduct adopted and promulgated by that section of the examining board. (f) Conviction of a felony, subject to ss. 111.321, 111.322 and 111.335, or adjudication of mental incompetency by a court of competent jurisdiction, a certified copy of the record of conviction or adjudication of incompetency to be conclusive evidence of such conviction or incompetency. (2) The appropriate section of the examining board may reprimand a firm, partnership, or corporation holding a certificate of authorization issued under this chapter or may limit, suspend, or revoke such a certificate if any of the agents, employees, or officers of the firm, partnership, or corporation has committed any act or has been guilty of any conduct which would authorize a reprimand or a limitation, suspension, or revocation of the certificate of registration of a registrant or the certificate of record of an engineer-in-training under this chapter, unless the firm, partnership, or corporation submits evidence satisfactory to the appropriate section of the examining board that the agent, employee, or officer is not now practicing or offering to practice architecture, landscape architecture, or professional engineering in its behalf. (3) Any person may make charges that any registrant, holder of a certificate of record as engineer-in-training or corporate holder of a certificate of authorization has committed an act for which a reprimand or limitation, suspension, or revocation of registration is authorized under sub. (1). Such charges shall be in writing, shall be sworn to by the person making them and shall be submitted to the appropriate section of the examining board. The appropriate section of the examining board may, on its own motion, make such charges. All charges, unless dismissed by the appropriate section of the examining board as unfounded or trivial, shall be heard by the appropriate section of the examining board, subject to the rules promulgated under s. 440.03 (1). (4) If after a hearing under sub. (3), 3 members of a section of the examining board vote in favor of sustaining charges specified in sub. (3), the appropriate section of the examining board shall reprimand or limit, suspend, or revoke the certificate of registration of the registered architect, registered landscape architect, or registered professional engineer, the certificate of record of the holder of a certificate as engineer-in-training, or the certificate of authorization of a firm, partnership, or corporation. (5) The actions of each section of the examining board under this section shall be subject to review in the manner provided in ch. 227. (6) The appropriate section of the examining board, for reasons it considers sufficient, may reissue a certificate of registration or a certificate of record to any person, or a certificate of authorization to any firm, partnership, or corporation, whose certificate has been revoked under this section if 3 members of the section of the examining board vote in favor of such reissuance. Subject to the rules of the examining board, the appropriate section of the examining board may, upon payment of the required fee, issue a new certificate of registration, certificate of record or certificate of authorization, to replace any certificate that is revoked, lost, destroyed or mutilated. History: 1979 c. 167; 1981 c. 334 s. 25 (1); 1993 a. 463, 465, 491; 1997 a. 237, 300; 1999 a. 32, 186; 2009 a. 123; 2011 a. 146; 2021 a. 195. Discussing gross negligence, incompetency, or misconduct. The failure of an engineer to properly design a roof truss would not show incompetence, but the board might find gross negligence. Vivian v. Examining Board of Architects, 61 Wis. 2d 627, 213 N.W.2d 359 (1974).
Wis. Stat. 443.15
443.15 Exempt buildings. (1) Nothing in this chapter prevents any person from advertising and performing services, including consultation, investigation, evaluation, in connection with and making plans and specifications for, or supervising the erection, enlargement or alterations of any of the following buildings: (a) Dwellings for single families, and outbuildings in connection with single-family dwellings, including, but not limited to, barns and private garages. (b) Apartment buildings used exclusively as the residence of not more than 2 families. (c) Buildings used exclusively for agricultural purposes. (d) Temporary buildings or sheds used exclusively for construction purposes, not exceeding 2 stories in height, and not used for living quarters. (2) Nothing in this chapter prevents any person, firm or corporation from making plans and specifications for or supervising the erection, enlargement or alteration of any new building containing less than 50,000 cubic feet total volume or addition to a building which by reason of such addition results in a building containing less than 50,000 cubic feet total volume or structural alteration to a building containing less than 50,000 cubic feet total volume. Nothing in this chapter prevents any person, firm or corporation from making repairs or interior alterations to buildings which do not affect health or safety. (3) Any multiple family building having a common roof and party walls shall be deemed a single building for purposes of this section. (4) This section does not apply to inspection and service work done by employees of insurance rating bureaus, insurance service bureaus, insurance companies or insurance agents. History: 1979 c. 167.
Wis. Stat. 443.20
443.20 Indemnification in civil contracts. (1) In this section: (a) “Civil contract” means any contractual agreement between the state or a political subdivision and a private entity. (b) “Design professional” means any of the following: 1. Architect. 2. Engineer-in-training. 3. Landscape architect. 4. Professional engineer. 5. Professional land surveyor. 6. Wisconsin registered interior designer. (c) “Design professional services” means any service performed by a design professional and services performed by others that arise out of or are related to services performed by a design professional, including the following: 1. Studies. 2. Planning. 3. Surveys. 4. Project management. 5. Traffic management. 6. Preparatory work. (2) Notwithstanding s. 895.447, any provision of a civil contract containing any of the following, explicitly or in effect, is void and unenforceable: (a) A provision requiring a private entity performing design professional services to indemnify the state or any political subdivision, except as provided in sub. (3) (a). (b) A provision requiring a private entity performing design professional services to defend the state or any political subdivision in any legal action. (3) The limitations under sub. (2) (a) do not apply to any of the following: (a) Indemnification provisions in any civil contract in which a private entity’s indemnification obligation is limited to losses proximately caused by the negligent performance of design professional services by the private entity and does not exceed the proportion of a loss caused by the negligent performance. (b) Provisions required to be included in the state’s or a political subdivision’s contracts with the federal government to the extent the provisions conflict with sub. (2). (c) A provision in a civil design contract that requires a private entity to indemnify the state or any political subdivision for damages caused by the private entity’s acts or omissions if the acts or omissions involve reckless, wanton, or intentional misconduct. (4) Nothing in this section may be construed as a waiver of any immunity or other limitation of liability described in this chapter or ch. 893 or 895. (5) Nothing in this section may be construed to prohibit the state or any political subdivision from requiring a private entity to provide proof of liability insurance as a condition of contract. History: 2023 a. 211.
Wis. Stat. § 449.04
449.04
â
Examination and licensure.
449.04(1)
(1)
â
The examining board may grant a license to engage in the practice of optometry only to a person who satisfies all of the following conditions:
449.04(1)(a)
(a)
The person presents proof satisfactory to the examining board that, subject to ss.
Wis. Stat. 452.03
452.03 Brokers and salespersons licensed. (1) Except as provided in s. 452.137, no person may engage in or follow the business or occupation of, or advertise or hold himself or herself out as, or act temporarily or otherwise as a broker or salesperson without a license issued under this chapter. The board may grant a license only to a person who is competent to transact that business or occupation in a manner that safeguards the interests of the public, and only after satisfactory proof of the person’s competence has been presented to the board. (2) No license under this chapter is required for an individual who, on behalf of and under the direction of a firm or one or more licensees associated with a firm, provides the firm or licensee with services that are limited to those that are purely administrative, clerical, or personal in nature. History: 1981 c. 94, 391; 1989 a. 307; 2011 a. 32; 2015 a. 258. Under this section, an agreement to pay a real estate brokerage commission to a person not licensed as a broker is void at its inception. Using a licensed broker who provides no actual services as a conduit for a fee to an unlicensed person does not create a co-brokerage arrangement authorized by s. 452.19. Badger III Ltd. Partnership v. Howard, Needles, Tammen & Bergendoff, 196 Wis. 2d 891, 539 N.W.2d 904 (Ct. App. 1995), 94-2531. Officers of a corporation or partners of a partnership can act for the corporation or partnership in the rental of real estate owned by the entity without being licensed as real estate brokers. 60 Atty. Gen. 1. Actions of a tenants’ union on behalf of its members may require a real estate broker’s license. 60 Atty. Gen. 118. Discussing the permitted limits of nonlicensed independent contractor agents. 70 Atty. Gen. 23.
Wis. Stat. 452.09
452.09 Application for license, contents. (1) Form of application. Any person desiring to act as a broker or salesperson shall submit to the board an application for a license. The application shall be in such form as the board prescribes and shall include the following: (a) The kind of license desired. (b) The name and address of the applicant. If the applicant is a business entity, the application shall also include the name and address of each business representative and the license number of each business representative licensed as a broker under this chapter. (d) The business or occupation engaged in by the applicant, or if a business entity, by each business representative, for a period of at least 2 years immediately preceding the date of the application. (e) Any other information that the board may reasonably require to enable it to determine the competency of each applicant, including each business representative of the business entity, to transact the business of a broker or salesperson in a manner that safeguards the interests of the public. (2) Educational requirements for applicants for licenses. (a) Except as provided in a reciprocal agreement under s. 452.05 (3), each applicant for a salesperson’s license shall submit to the board evidence satisfactory to the board of successful completion of educational programs approved for this purpose under s. 452.05 (1) (c). The board may waive the requirement under this paragraph upon proof that the applicant has received 10 academic credits in real estate or real estate related law courses from an accredited institution of higher education. (c) Except as provided in par. (d) or a reciprocal agreement under s. 452.05 (3), each applicant for a broker’s license to be issued to an individual shall do all of the following: 1. Satisfy or obtain a waiver of the requirement under par. (a) or submit proof of licensure as a salesperson under this chapter. 2. Submit to the board evidence satisfactory to the board of successful completion of educational programs in business management approved for this purpose under s. 452.05 (1) (c). No educational programs applied to satisfy the requirement under subd. 1. may be applied to satisfy the requirement under this subdivision. (d) The board may waive the requirements under par. (c) upon proof that the applicant has received 20 academic credits in real estate or real estate related law courses from an accredited institution of higher education or that the applicant is licensed to practice law in this state. (3) Competency of applicant. (a) In determining competency, the board shall require proof that the applicant for a broker’s or salesperson’s license has a fair knowledge of the English language; a fair understanding of the general purposes and general legal effect of deeds, mortgages, land contracts of sale, leases, bills of sale, and conditional sales contracts; and a general and fair understanding of the obligations between principal and agent, as well as of this chapter. The board shall deny a license to an applicant receiving a failing grade, as established by rules of the board, on any examination given under this section, but any applicant may review his or her examination results in a manner established by rules of the board. (b) The board shall determine competency under par. (a) by means of only an oral examination for any applicant who is unable to write because of a physical handicap. (c) Examinations shall reliably measure an applicant’s ability to competently engage in real estate practice. (d) Except as provided under s. 452.12 (2) or in a reciprocal agreement under s. 452.05 (3), the board may not grant a broker’s license to an applicant unless the applicant passes the salesperson’s examination and the broker’s examination and meets the requirements under sub. (4). (4) Experience requirements for broker’s license applicants. (a) 1. An applicant for a broker’s license who is an individual shall submit to the board evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant has practiced as a licensed salesperson under the direct supervision of a licensed broker for at least 2 years within the last 4 years preceding the date of the applicant’s application for a broker’s license. 2. Except as provided under pars. (b) to (e), the board may not accept evidence as satisfactory under subd. 1. unless the evidence demonstrates that the applicant’s experience as a licensed salesperson qualifies the applicant for a total of at least 40 points based on the following point system: a. Each completed or closed residential transaction is worth 5 points. b. Each completed or closed commercial transaction is worth 10 points. c. Each property management contract is worth 0.5 points per month. d. Each completed or closed time share is worth one point. (b) An applicant who is licensed to practice law in this state may satisfy the requirement under par. (a) by submitting to the board evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant has experience related to real estate. (c) An applicant who holds a current certificate of financial responsibility under s. 101.654 may satisfy the requirement under par. (a) by submitting to the board evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant has experience related to real estate sales. (d) Except as provided in a reciprocal agreement under s. 452.05 (3), an applicant for a broker’s license who is a nonresident may satisfy the requirement under par. (a) by submitting to the board evidence satisfactory to the board that the applicant has been a licensed broker under the laws of another state for at least 2 years within the last 4 years preceding the date of the applicant’s application for a broker’s license. (e) The board may waive any requirement under par. (a), (b), (c), or (d) for any applicant based on standards established by the board by rule. History: 1981 c. 94, 391; 1983 a. 273; 1985 a. 305; 1989 a. 341; 1995 a. 400; 1997 a. 27; 2003 a. 168; 2009 a. 110; 2011 a. 32; 2013 a. 114, 133; 2015 a. 258.
Wis. Stat. 452.12
452.12 Licenses. (1) Expiration. A license granted by the board entitles the holder to act as a broker or salesperson, as the case may be, until the applicable renewal date specified under s. 440.08 (2) (a). (2) Business entities. (a) A broker’s license may be issued to a business entity if the business entity has at least one business representative licensed as a broker. The license issued to the business entity entitles each business representative of the business entity licensed as a broker to act as a broker on behalf of the business entity. A broker may act as a business representative for more than one business entity if the broker obtains the express, written consent of each business entity for which the broker desires to act as a business representative. A broker may act as a broker on behalf each business entity for which it is serving as a business representative. (c) Application for a broker’s license to be issued to a business entity shall be made on forms prescribed by the board, listing the names and addresses of all business representatives and the license numbers of all business representatives that are licensed brokers, and shall be accompanied by the initial credential fee determined by the department under s. 440.03 (9) (a). If there is a change in any of the business representatives, the change shall be reported to the board, on the same form, within 30 days after the effective date of the change. (3) Firm’s responsibility for acts of licensees. Subject to s. 452.139 (3), a firm is responsible for the brokerage services provided on behalf of the firm by a licensee associated with the firm only to the extent that the firm fails to comply with s. 452.132 and any rules promulgated under s. 452.07 (1m) with respect to that licensee. (4) Register of licensees. The board shall include in the register the board maintains under s. 440.035 (1m) (d) the names of all persons whose licenses issued under this chapter were revoked within the past 2 years. The register shall be available for purchase at cost. (5) Renewal. (a) Renewal applications for all licenses shall be submitted with the applicable renewal fee determined by the department under s. 440.03 (9) (a) on or before the applicable renewal date specified under s. 440.08 (2) (a). The department shall pay $10 of each renewal fee received under this paragraph to the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System for research and educational, public outreach, and grant activities under s. 36.25 (34). (b) If an application for renewal of a license issued to an individual is not filed with the board on or before the renewal date with the proof required under par. (c) or if the renewal is not granted, the applicant may not engage in any of the activities covered by the license until the license is renewed or a new license is issued. (bm) If an application for renewal of a license issued to a firm is not filed with the board on or before the renewal date or if the renewal is not granted, all of the following apply: 1. The firm may not engage in any of the activities covered by the license until the license is renewed or a new license is issued. 2. Any licensees associated with the firm may not engage in any of the activities covered by the firm’s license on behalf of the firm until the firm’s license is renewed or a new license is issued. 3. A licensed individual broker or licensed broker business entity who is serving as a business representative for the firm shall notify each licensee associated with the firm that the firm’s license was not renewed and, within 10 days after notifying a licensee, file with the department a notice of termination for each such licensee on a form prescribed by the department. (c) At the time of renewal, each broker or salesperson who is an individual shall submit proof of attendance at and successful completion of continuing education programs or courses approved under s. 452.05 (1) (g). (d) At the time of renewal, each broker or salesperson who is an individual shall complete the form under s. 452.05 (1) (i). History: 1981 c. 94; 1983 a. 27; 1985 a. 305; 1987 a. 264, 399; 1989 a. 307, 341; 1991 a. 39; 1995 a. 27, 400; 1997 a. 27, 191, 237; 2001 a. 16; 2005 a. 87; 2007 a. 20; 2011 a. 32; 2013 a. 288; 2015 a. 258, 269; 2017 a. 365.
Wis. Stat. § 470.01
470.01 (7) .
443.01(3r)(f)
(f)
The actions of a person who is under the supervision of a licensed landscape architect or an employee of a licensed landscape architect, unless the person assumes responsible charge, design, or supervision.
443.01(3r)(g)
(g)
Work performed on property by an individual who owns or has control over the property, or work performed by a person hired by an individual who owns or has control of the property.
443.01(3r)(h)
(h)
Making plans or drawings for the selection, placement, or use of plants or site features.
443.01(5)
(5)
â
âPractice of architectureâ includes any professional service, such as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning, architectural and structural design, or responsible supervision of construction, in connection with the construction of any private or public buildings, structures, projects, or the equipment thereof, or addition to or alterations thereof, in which the public welfare or the safeguarding of life, health or property is concerned or involved.
443.01(5m)
(5m)
â
443.01(5m)(a)
(a)
âPractice of interior designâ means the design of interior spaces as a part of an interior alteration or interior construction project in conformity with public health, safety, and welfare requirements, including the preparation of documents relating to building code descriptions, project egress plans that require no increase in the number of exits in the space affected, space planning, finish materials, furnishings, fixtures, and equipment and the preparation of documents and interior technical submissions relating to interior construction.
443.01(5m)(b)
(b)
âPractice of interior designâ does not include any of the following:
443.01(5m)(b)1.
1.
Services that constitute the practice of architecture or the practice of professional engineering.
443.01(5m)(b)2.
2.
Altering or affecting the structural system of a building, including changing the buildingâs live or dead load on the structural system.
443.01(5m)(b)3.
3.
Changes to the building envelope, including exterior walls, exterior wall coverings, exterior wall openings, exterior windows and doors, architectural trim, balconies and similar projections, bay and oriel windows, roof assemblies and rooftop structures, and glass and glazing for exterior use in both vertical and sloped applications in buildings and structures.
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through 2025 Wis. Act 103 and through all Supreme Court Orders and Controlled Substances Board Orders filed before and in effect on April 3, 2026.
Published and certified under s. 35.18. Changes effective after April 3, 2026, are designated by NOTES.
(Published 4-3-26)
Wis. Stat. § 49.785
49.785 .
867.02(2)(b)
(b)
Will.
The will of the decedent shall be filed with the petition.
867.02(2)(c)
(c)
Bond.
Before making any order, the court may require a bond of the petitioner in an amount the court deems sufficient, conditioned to indemnify any person who may be aggrieved by the order. Before assigning property, the court may require assignees to give bond for the satisfaction of their liability to creditors or persons interested in the estate.
867.02(2)(d)
(d)
Notice.
The court may hear the matter, including the proof of the will, without notice to interested persons or order notice to be given under s.
Wis. Stat. § 601.31
601.31 (1) (zc) . The commissioner may contract with an outside testing service for administering the examination and collecting the fee.
629.03(2)
(2)
â
An individual who is not a resident of this state and who is a licensed or registered public adjuster in the individualâs state of residence and was required to pass a written examination to obtain that license or registration may request the commissioner to accept proof of the examinationâs passage as fulfilling the requirement under sub. (1) . The commissioner may approve the request if the individualâs license or registration in that state is in good standing.
Wis. Stat. § 62.09
62.09 (11) (c) or printed in any newspaper, book, pamphlet, or other form purporting to be so published, entered or recorded by any county, town, city or village in this state as a copy of its ordinance, bylaw, resolution or regulation, is prima facie evidence thereof; and after 3 years from the date of such publication, entry or recording such book or pamphlet shall be conclusive proof of the regularity of the adoption and publication of the ordinance, bylaw, resolution or regulation.
Wis. Stat. § 627.23
627.23 Annotation Absent proof that the agent knew, or should have known, of financial problems of the reinsurer from whom the agent procured insurance, the agent is not liable when the reinsurer later becomes insolvent. Master Plumbers Limited Mutual Liability Co. v. Cormany & Bird, Inc. 79 Wis. 2d 308 , 255 N.W.2d 533 (1977).
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(Published 4-3-26)
Wis. Stat. § 67.10
67.10 (7) a certified copy of all its proceedings preliminary to such issue, and also a printerâs proof or sample of or the unsigned obligations, for examination and certification. Such attorney shall examine the proceedings and, if found regular and valid, shall execute a certificate of such examination and validity. As soon as such certificate is returned, the clerk of the municipality shall cause such certificate to be recorded. This section applies to obligations issued under ss.
Wis. Stat. § 704.19
704.19 may be either oral or written. Nothing herein prevents surrender by operation of law.
704.03(5)
(5)
â
Proof.
In any case where a lease or agreement is not in writing signed by both parties but is enforceable under this section, the lease or agreement must be proved by clear and convincing evidence.
Wis. Stat. § 770.18
770.18 (2) .
770.07(1)(d)2.
2.
Each applicant shall exhibit to the clerk a certified copy of a birth record, and each applicant shall submit a copy of any judgment, certificate of termination of domestic partnership, or death certificate affecting the domestic partnership status. If any applicable birth certificate, death certificate, notice of termination of domestic partnership, or judgment is unobtainable, other satisfactory documentary proof may be presented instead. Whenever the clerk is not satisfied with the documentary proof presented, he or she shall submit the proof, for an opinion as to its sufficiency, to a judge of a court of record in the county of application.
770.07(2)
(2)
â
If sub. (1) and s.
Wis. Stat. § 803.05
803.05 , and a 3rd-party answer, if a 3rd-party complaint is served. No other pleading shall be allowed, except that the court may order a further pleading to a reply or to any answer.
802.01(2)
(2)
â
Motions.
802.01(2)(a)
(a)
How made.
An application to the court for an order shall be by motion which, unless made during a hearing or trial, shall be made in writing, shall state with particularity the grounds therefor, and shall set forth the relief or order sought. The requirement of writing is fulfilled if the motion is stated in a written notice of the hearing of the motion. Unless specifically authorized by statute, orders to show cause shall not be used.
802.01(2)(b)
(b)
Supporting papers.
Copies of all records and papers upon which a motion is founded, except those which have been previously filed or served in the same action or proceeding, shall be served with the notice of motion and shall be plainly referred to therein. Papers already filed or served shall be referred to as papers theretofore filed or served in the action. The moving party may be allowed to present upon the hearing, records, affidavits or other papers, but only upon condition that opposing counsel be given reasonable time in which to meet such additional proofs should request therefor be made.
802.01(2)(c)
(c)
Recitals in orders.
All orders, unless they otherwise provide, shall be deemed to be based on the records and papers used on the motion and the proceedings theretofore had and shall recite the nature of the motion, the appearances, the dates on which the motion was heard and decided, and the order signed. No other formal recitals are necessary.
802.01(2)(d)
(d)
Formal requirements.
The rules applicable to captions, signing and other matters of form of pleadings apply to all motions and other papers in an action, except that affidavits in support of a motion need not be separately captioned if served and filed with the motion. The name of the party seeking the order or relief and a brief description of the type of order or relief sought shall be included in the caption of every written motion.
802.01(2)(e)
(e)
When deemed made.
In computing any period of time prescribed or allowed by the statutes governing procedure in civil actions and special proceedings, a motion which requires notice under s.
Wis. Stat. § 840.10
840.10
â
Lis pendens; who may file; effect when void; discharge.
840.10(1)
(1)
â
840.10(1)(a)
(a)
In an action where relief is demanded affecting described real property which relief might confirm or change interests in the real property, after the filing of the complaint the plaintiff shall present for filing or recording in the office of the register of deeds of each county where any part thereof is situated, a lis pendens containing the names of the parties, the object of the action and a description of the land in that county affected thereby. In any action if the defendant asks relief on a counterclaim or cross-complaint, which contains a legal description of the real estate and seeks such relief, after the filing of the counterclaim or cross-complaint the defendant shall present for filing or recording a lis pendens. From the time of filing or recording every purchaser or encumbrancer whose conveyance or encumbrance is not recorded or filed shall be deemed a subsequent purchaser or encumbrancer and shall be bound by the proceedings in the action to the same extent and in the same manner as if the purchaser or encumbrancer were a party thereto. In any such action in which a lis pendens has been filed or recorded, if the party who presents for filing or recording the lis pendens fails for one year after the filing or recording thereof to serve and file proof of service of the summons or the counterclaim or cross-complaint on one or more of the adverse parties, the lis pendens shall be void, and upon motion and proof the court may order it discharged. Judgment shall not be entered in favor of the party required to present for filing or recording a lis pendens until 20 days after the lis pendens has been filed or recorded.
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Chs. 801-847, Civil Procedure
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Published and certified under s. 35.18. Changes effective after April 3, 2026, are designated by NOTES.
(Published 4-3-26)
Wis. Stat. § 852.01
852.01 (3) .
854.03(5)(am)7.
7.
The statute or governing instrument specifies that this statute, or one similar to it, does not apply.
854.03(5)(am)8.
8.
The imposition of a 120-hour survival requirement would be administratively cumbersome and would not change the identity of the ultimate beneficiaries of the property or the property that each beneficiary would receive.
854.03(5)(bm)
(bm)
If the transfer is made under a governing instrument and the person who executed the governing instrument had an intent contrary to any provision in this section, then that provision is not applicable to the transfer. Extrinsic evidence may be used to construe the intent.
854.03(6)
(6)
â
Evidentiary standard.
Unless the statute or governing instrument provides otherwise, proof that an individual survived the period required under subs. (1) to (4) must be by clear and convincing evidence.
Wis. Stat. § 856.15
856.15
â
Proof of will and proof of heirs where uncontested.
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Published and certified under s. 35.18. Changes effective after April 3, 2026, are designated by NOTES.
(Published 4-3-26)
Wis. Stat. § 879.03
879.03 with the additional requirement that when any person interested is represented by a guardian ad litem, notice shall be given to both the person interested and the personâs guardian ad litem. A copy of the will which is being presented for proof shall be sent to all persons interested, except those whose only interest is as a beneficiary of a monetary bequest or a bequest or devise of specific property. To those persons a notice of the nature and amount of the devise or bequest shall be sent.
The law belongs to the people. Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org, 590 U.S. (2020)